Egyptian

The oldest surviving surgical treatise, copied around 1600 BCE from a text perhaps a thousand years older. Its 48 cases describe h...

A 20 meter medical papyrus of around 1550 BCE, among the oldest and longest medical texts known. It covers hundreds of remedies, d...

The finest surviving Egyptian mathematics text, copied around 1550 BCE by the scribe Ahmose. Its 84 problems handle fractions, are...

The finest surviving illustrated Egyptian funerary papyrus, about 24 meters long, prepared for the royal scribe Ani around 1250 BC...

A beautifully painted papyrus from around 1280 BCE made for Hunefer, overseer of royal cattle. Its elegant vignettes show the judg...

A granodiorite stela carved in 196 BCE with a priestly decree honoring Ptolemy V in hieroglyphic, demotic, and Greek scripts. Foun...